- Category
- State · Attributed to a state or working for one.
- Origin
- China(high confidence)
- Motivation
- Information theft and espionage
- Seen
- 2023
- Sources
- 6 sources carry it
- Identifier
- GINC-APT-0294 · earth-lamia
ChinaWhat it is
Earth Lamia is a China-nexus APT that targets organizations across multiple sectors, including finance, logistics, and government, primarily in Latin America, the Middle East, and Southeast Asia. The actor exploits web application vulnerabilities, such as CVE-2025-55182, and employs techniques like SQL injection, DLL sideloading, and the deployment of custom backdoors like PULSEPACK and BypassBoss. Earth Lamia conducts reconnaissance, file operations, and credential theft, often utilizing tools like Cobalt Strike and VShell.
Names
The names each vendor, agency and source gives it. Naming differs by who tracks the actor, so one group carries many.
- Mandiant
- UNC5454
Attribution
Each attribution is a claim: who makes it, and to whom. Western and Eastern sources are kept apart, as they often disagree.
Western sources
Targets
- Countries
- Brazil, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Thailand, Vietnam
- Sectors
- Education, Financial, Government, IT, Retail, Shipping and Logistics
Tools
The tools and malware families the sources tie to it.
- Backdoor.Oldrea
- BypassBoss
- China Chopper
- Cobalt Strike
- CrossRat
- PULSEPACK
- Xploit
Sources
- ETDA Threat Group Card apt.etda.or.th
- Malpedia malpedia.caad.fkie.fraunhofer.de