- Capability group
- Biotechnology & Health Technologies
- Domain
- Critical Technology · Hard Power
- Identifier
- factbase.org/cap/SR9QT9QP16
- Reference
- DNA sequencing Wikipedia
Papers
14.9k
2020–2024
Paper growth
+20%
2020–24 on 2015–19
Patent families
87.9k
2020–2024
Filed abroad
25%
families in more than one office
What it covers
What the capability covers and what it leaves to others, and the indicators it will be measured by.
Bounds
Covers sequencing and biological-data capacity; population health data governance belongs to the governance domain, health outcomes to Human Capital, and data-holding concentration reads at the control layer.
Lineage
Carried from v0.0 (formerly Genomic sequencing and analysis) with the same identifier; biological data named as strategic asset, the shift from technique to capacity.
Indicators
- research publication share in genomicsResearch
- national sequencing capacityPending
- population genomic datasets heldPending
Who publishes it
Papers classified to the capability, by year and by the nation of their authors' institutions, 2020–2024. Read from the v0.0 research topic Genomic sequencing and analysis.
Papers by year
The five leading nations, papers by year
Share of papers, 2020–2024
Of papers with a known author nation; 27% have none and are left out.
- 1China20.5%3,060 papers
- 2United States18.3%2,740 papers
- 3United Kingdom5.6%838 papers
- 4India4.4%665 papers
- 5Australia3.1%459 papers
- 6Germany2.8%413 papers
- 7Italy2.6%395 papers
- 8France2.6%387 papers
- 9Canada2.6%384 papers
- 10Spain2.3%345 papers
Leading institutions, 2020–2024
By fractional count: each paper divided among its authors' institutions.
- 1Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences41fractional papers
- 2Sun Yat-sen University41fractional papers
- 3Sichuan University38fractional papers
- 4Chinese Academy of Sciences34fractional papers
- 5Zhejiang University34fractional papers
- 6Peking University31fractional papers
- 7Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College31fractional papers
- 8Shanghai Jiao Tong University29fractional papers
- 9Central South University27fractional papers
- 10Fudan University21fractional papers
Who patents it
Patent families by the nation of origin of their applicants and their earliest priority year, from the CPC and IPC classes the capability is read from. 2025 onwards is incomplete: families are published 18 months after priority.
Families by priority year
The five leading origins, families by year
28,020 applicants filed here in 2015–2024; the five largest held 4% of families (HHI 7 of 10,000: unconcentrated).
Share of families by origin, 2020–2024
- 1China69.6%61,132 families
- 2United States13.2%11,638 families
- 3South Korea6.6%5,786 families
- 4Japan2.7%2,414 families
- 5Germany1.0%912 families
- 6United Kingdom0.9%759 families
- 7France0.6%563 families
- 8Switzerland0.5%429 families
- 9Taiwan0.5%403 families
- 10Netherlands0.4%358 families
Applicants filing most internationally, 2015–2024
Families filed in more than one office, by applicant as the offices name them.
- 1ILLUMINA INC784international families
- 2UNIV CALIFORNIA647international families
- 3PIONEER HI BRED INT495international families
- 4HOFFMANN LA ROCHE482international families
- 5INST NAT SANTE RECH MED351international families
- 6UNIV LELAND STANFORD JUNIOR318international families
- 7ROCHE DIAGNOSTICS GMBH309international families
- 8HARVARD COLLEGE297international families
- 9MASSACHUSETTS INST TECHNOLOGY294international families
- 1010X GENOMICS INC281international families
Classification read
- C12Q1/68 Nucleic acid analysis: sequencing, amplification, probes · 1.1m documents
- G16B Bioinformatics and genomic data processing · 388.3k documents
Shares inventions with
Capabilities whose classes the same families also fall in, by overlap (Jaccard).
- Synthetic Biology & Genetic Engineering14,676 families · 0.147
- Biomanufacturing8,295 families · 0.081
- Advanced Therapeutics, Vaccines & Medical Countermeasures5,758 families · 0.052
Who makes it
The companies that research, design, make, supply and operate the technology, the global leaders and the leading firms of every region.
50 companies in this capability, from 22 nations across 8 regions. Sorted by how experts see each company's global relevance in the field, from very high to very low.
- Very high4 companies
- 1Very highEquipment & machinerySan DiegoUnited States19988,970ILMN
Dominant supplier of short-read sequencing-by-synthesis instruments (NovaSeq X, NextSeq, MiSeq) and the top international patent applicant in this capability.
Very high relevance · Equipment & machinery · United States, San Diego · founded 1998 · 8,970 staff
- 2Very highEquipment & machineryWalthamUnited States1956125kTMO
Makes Applied Biosystems capillary (Sanger) sequencers, Ion Torrent semiconductor NGS, and a large share of the world's genomics reagents and sample-prep consumables.
Very high relevance · Equipment & machinery · United States, Waltham · founded 1956 · 125k staff
- 3Very highProfessional & data servicesShenzhenChina1999–Private
China's genomics champion; its affiliate MGI Tech (SSE 688114) makes DNBSEQ sequencers that compete with Illumina, and BGI Genomics (SZSE 300676) is one of the world's largest sequencing service providers.
Very high relevance · Professional & data services · China, Shenzhen · founded 1999
- 4Very highEquipment & machineryOxfordUnited Kingdom2005–ONT
Developer of nanopore long-read, real-time sequencers (MinION, GridION, PromethION) used from field surveillance to population genomics.
Very high relevance · Equipment & machinery · United Kingdom, Oxford · founded 2005
- High12 companies
- 5HighEquipment & machineryMenlo ParkUnited States2000–PACB
Maker of HiFi long-read SMRT sequencers (Revio, Vega) and the Onso short-read system, widely used for reference genomes and population programmes.
High relevance · Equipment & machinery · United States, Menlo Park · founded 2000
- 6HighMedicines & vaccinesBaselSwitzerland1896104kROG
Major genomics patent holder supplying KAPA library-prep and target-enrichment chemistry and developing its Sequencing by Expansion (SBX) NGS platform.
High relevance · Medicines & vaccines · Switzerland, Basel · founded 1896 · 104k staff
- 7HighEquipment & machinerySanta ClaraUnited States199918kA
Supplies SureSelect target enrichment, oligo pools, TapeStation/Bioanalyzer QC instruments and genomic analysis software used across sequencing workflows.
High relevance · Equipment & machinery · United States, Santa Clara · founded 1999 · 18k staff
- 8HighEquipment & machineryWashington, D.C.United States196963kDHR
Owns Integrated DNA Technologies (oligos and NGS panels), Beckman Coulter Life Sciences (genomic sample-prep automation) and Aldevron (plasmid DNA).
High relevance · Equipment & machinery · United States, Washington, D.C. · founded 1969 · 63k staff
- 9HighEquipment & machineryPleasantonUnited States2012–TXG
Leader in single-cell (Chromium) and spatial (Visium, Xenium) genomics platforms and one of the top international patent applicants in the field.
High relevance · Equipment & machinery · United States, Pleasanton · founded 2012
- 10HighChemicals & gasesVenloNetherlands1984–QGEN
Global leader in nucleic-acid sample preparation, NGS panels and bioinformatics/knowledge bases (QIAGEN Digital Insights, CLC, HGMD).
High relevance · Chemicals & gases · Netherlands, Venlo · founded 1984
- 11HighMedicines & vaccinesTarrytownUnited States198815kREGN
Its Regeneron Genetics Center has sequenced exomes of more than two million people, including UK Biobank, making it one of the largest holders of linked human genetic data.
High relevance · Medicines & vaccines · United States, Tarrytown · founded 1988 · 15k staff
- 12HighProfessional & data servicesBeijingChina2011–688315
One of the world's largest genomic sequencing service providers, running high-throughput NGS centres in China, the US, UK, Singapore and elsewhere.
High relevance · Professional & data services · China, Beijing · founded 2011
- 13HighChemicals & gasesSouth San FranciscoUnited States2013–TWST
Silicon-based DNA synthesis platform supplying NGS target-enrichment panels, synthetic genes and oligo pools.
High relevance · Chemicals & gases · United States, South San Francisco · founded 2013
- 14HighResearch & IPReykjavikIceland1996–Private
Amgen-owned pioneer of population genomics, holding genotypes and whole genomes for most of Iceland's population and a leading source of disease-variant discovery.
High relevance · Research & IP · Iceland, Reykjavik · founded 1996
- 15HighProfessional & data servicesAustinUnited States2004–NTRA
Leading cell-free DNA testing company (Panorama prenatal, Signatera tumour-informed MRD), processing millions of sequencing-based tests a year.
High relevance · Professional & data services · United States, Austin · founded 2004
- 16HighProfessional & data servicesLondonUnited Kingdom2013–State-owned
UK government-owned company that ran the 100,000 Genomes Project and now operates the NHS Genomic Medicine Service data platform and the Generation newborn genomes study.
High relevance · Professional & data services · United Kingdom, London · founded 2013
- Moderate15 companies
- 17ModerateEquipment & machinerySan DiegoUnited States2017––
Venture-backed maker of the AVITI benchtop sequencer using avidity sequencing chemistry, a leading new challenger in short-read NGS.
Moderate relevance · Equipment & machinery · United States, San Diego · founded 2017
- 18ModerateEquipment & machineryFremontUnited States2016––
US-Israeli developer of the UG 100 open-wafer sequencer aimed at the lowest-cost genome (around $100), with R&D largely in Israel.
Moderate relevance · Equipment & machinery · United States, Fremont · founded 2016
- 19ModerateEquipment & machineryWalthamUnited States193711kRVTY
Former PerkinElmer life sciences arm supplying NGS sample-prep, newborn genomic screening and genomic laboratory services worldwide.
Moderate relevance · Equipment & machinery · United States, Waltham · founded 1937 · 11k staff
- 20ModerateProfessional & data servicesChicagoUnited States2015–TEM
Runs large-scale clinical genomic sequencing and holds one of the largest libraries of linked clinical and molecular (DNA/RNA) data used for AI and drug discovery.
Moderate relevance · Professional & data services · United States, Chicago · founded 2015
- 21ModerateProfessional & data servicesPalo AltoUnited States2012–GH
Pioneer of sequencing-based liquid biopsy (Guardant360, Shield) with a large genomic data set of tumour profiles.
Moderate relevance · Professional & data services · United States, Palo Alto · founded 2012
- 22ModerateProfessional & data servicesMenlo ParkUnited States2015–GRAL
Developer of the Galleri multi-cancer early-detection test based on targeted methylation sequencing, spun out of Illumina in 2024.
Moderate relevance · Professional & data services · United States, Menlo Park · founded 2015
- 23ModerateProfessional & data servicesLuxembourgLuxembourg1987–ERF
Through Eurofins Genomics and its clinical genetics labs it is one of Europe's largest providers of DNA sequencing, oligo synthesis and genotyping services.
Moderate relevance · Professional & data services · Luxembourg, Luxembourg · founded 1987
- 24ModerateProfessional & data servicesNanjingChina2002–1548
Major global supplier of gene synthesis, oligos and molecular biology services underpinning genomics and synthetic biology research.
Moderate relevance · Professional & data services · China, Nanjing · founded 2002
- 25ModerateProfessional & data servicesSalt Lake CityUnited States1991–MYGN
Hereditary cancer and prenatal genetic testing company (MyRisk, Foresight) with one of the largest proprietary variant-classification databases.
Moderate relevance · Professional & data services · United States, Salt Lake City · founded 1991
- 26ModerateProfessional & data servicesStamfordUnited States2000–WGS
Leading provider of clinical exome and genome sequencing for rare disease, holding one of the largest rare-disease exome datasets.
Moderate relevance · Professional & data services · United States, Stamford · founded 2000
- 27ModerateChemicals & gasesKusatsuJapan2002–4974
Supplies enzymes, SMART-seq single-cell and low-input NGS library kits, and runs genome analysis services in Japan.
Moderate relevance · Chemicals & gases · Japan, Kusatsu · founded 2002
- 28ModerateProfessional & data servicesSeoulSouth Korea1997–038290
South Korea's leading genome sequencing service company with labs in Korea, Europe, the US and Asia and work on Korean and Asian reference genomes.
Moderate relevance · Professional & data services · South Korea, Seoul · founded 1997
- 29ModerateSoftware & platformsMountain ViewUnited States2009–Private
Cloud genomic data platform behind the UK Biobank Research Analysis Platform and many national and pharma sequencing programmes.
Moderate relevance · Software & platforms · United States, Mountain View · founded 2009
- 30ModerateSoftware & platformsSaint-SulpiceSwitzerland2011–SOPH
SOPHiA DDM cloud platform analyses genomic and multimodal data for hundreds of hospital labs worldwide.
Moderate relevance · Software & platforms · Switzerland, Saint-Sulpice · founded 2011
- 31ModerateEquipment & machineryLe Kremlin-BicêtreFrance2014––
Pioneer of enzymatic DNA synthesis with the SYNTAX benchtop DNA printer, a strategic European capability in writing genetic code.
Moderate relevance · Equipment & machinery · France, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre · founded 2014
- Low9 companies
- 32LowEquipment & machineryTokyoJapan2001–Private
Hitachi subsidiary that manufactures capillary DNA sequencers (including the platforms behind Applied Biosystems 3500/3730 series) and DS3000 analyzers.
Low relevance · Equipment & machinery · Japan, Tokyo · founded 2001
- 33LowProfessional & data servicesBeijingChina2010–000710
Chinese clinical genomics company offering NIPT, genetic disease sequencing and its own registered sequencing instruments.
Low relevance · Professional & data services · China, Beijing · founded 2010
- 34LowProfessional & data servicesEl MonteUnited States2011–FLGT
Large-panel and whole-exome/genome clinical sequencing laboratory with its own variant-interpretation software.
Low relevance · Professional & data services · United States, El Monte · founded 2011
- 35LowProfessional & data servicesRostockGermany2006–Private
Rare-disease genomic and multiomic testing company with a large biodatabank including tens of thousands of Middle Eastern patient datasets.
Low relevance · Professional & data services · Germany, Rostock · founded 2006
- 36LowProfessional & data servicesBengaluruIndia2013–Private
India's largest genomics diagnostics and research sequencing company, building South Asian genetic variant databases and running GenomeAsia work.
Low relevance · Professional & data services · India, Bengaluru · founded 2013
- 37LowProfessional & data servicesAbu DhabiUnited Arab Emirates202220kPrivate
Mubadala/G42-backed health group whose Omics Centre of Excellence operates the Emirati Genome Programme, which has sequenced over 600,000 genomes.
Low relevance · Professional & data services · United Arab Emirates, Abu Dhabi · founded 2022 · 20k staff
- 38LowProfessional & data servicesBeijingChina––Private
Chinese NGS service and clinical sequencing company that also develops domestic sequencing instruments and reproductive genomic tests.
Low relevance · Professional & data services · China, Beijing
- 39LowProfessional & data servicesBarueriBrazil1961–DASA3
Brazil's largest diagnostics group, running Latin America's largest clinical genomics operation (GeneOne) for exome, genome and oncology sequencing.
Low relevance · Professional & data services · Brazil, Barueri · founded 1961
- 40LowProfessional & data servicesSydneyAustralia1987–SHL
Global pathology group whose genetics divisions (Sonic Genetics, Bioscientia, Sonic Reference Laboratory) deliver clinical sequencing across Australia, Europe and the US.
Low relevance · Professional & data services · Australia, Sydney · founded 1987
- Very low10 companies
- 41Very lowProfessional & data servicesBengaluruIndia2000–Private
Reliance-backed Indian genomics firm providing clinical NGS testing and the Strand NGS bioinformatics software.
Very low relevance · Professional & data services · India, Bengaluru · founded 2000
- 42Very lowProfessional & data servicesRiyadhSaudi Arabia2023–State-owned
Joint venture of PIF-owned Lifera (80%) and Centogene (20%) building Saudi Arabia's national genomic and multiomic testing laboratory and bioinformatics capacity.
Very low relevance · Professional & data services · Saudi Arabia, Riyadh · founded 2023
- 43Very lowProfessional & data servicesSao PauloBrazil2012––
Brazil's first and largest NGS-based rare-disease and cancer diagnostic lab, backed by BNDES, with its own AI variant-analysis platform.
Very low relevance · Professional & data services · Brazil, Sao Paulo · founded 2012
- 44Very lowProfessional & data servicesHo Chi Minh CityVietnam2017––
Vietnam-founded genomics company running seven NGS labs in Southeast Asia for cell-free DNA prenatal testing and ctDNA cancer screening.
Very low relevance · Professional & data services · Vietnam, Ho Chi Minh City · founded 2017
- 45Very lowProfessional & data servicesMelbourneAustralia1997–Private
Australian Genome Research FacilityNot-for-profit company providing Australia's largest national genomics sequencing service infrastructure, part-funded through NCRIS.
Very low relevance · Professional & data services · Australia, Melbourne · founded 1997
- 46Very lowProfessional & data servicesPretoriaSouth Africa2002–Private
Africa's leading private genomics service company, the first to offer genome sequencing on the continent and operator with UNISA of Africa's first PacBio Revio platform, with offices in Ghana, Kenya, Nigeria, Tanzania and Senegal.
Very low relevance · Professional & data services · South Africa, Pretoria · founded 2002
- 47Very lowProfessional & data servicesSingaporeSingapore2016––
Singapore liquid-biopsy genomics company with CAP-accredited labs in Singapore and the US, using amplicon-based sequencing (LiquidHALLMARK).
Very low relevance · Professional & data services · Singapore, Singapore · founded 2016
- 48Very lowProfessional & data servicesMoscowRussia2010–Private
One of Russia's largest private genomics laboratories, offering clinical exome/genome sequencing and holding a large Russian genetic database.
Very low relevance · Professional & data services · Russia, Moscow · founded 2010
- 49Very lowProfessional & data servicesSeri KembanganMalaysia––Private
Malaysian genomics company providing NGS sequencing, bioinformatics and plant/animal genome projects (including the durian genome) in Southeast Asia.
Very low relevance · Professional & data services · Malaysia, Seri Kembangan
- 50Very lowProfessional & data servicesNairobiKenya–––
Described as Kenya's first private whole-genome sequencing platform, operating a NovaSeq X Plus under a $3.5m African genomics partnership with Biolinx Africa.
Very low relevance · Professional & data services · Kenya, Nairobi
